Currently, companies are allowed to "offset" a certain amount of their carbon emissions by investing in projects that save or remove the equivalent amount of carbon (e.g. reforestation, renewable energy sources). Several countries allow this practice as an acceptable way to reduce the amount of Carbon Taxes the company would have to pay, however companies often opt into this practice when allowed due to it generally being cheaper than paying the tax itself.

Filial piety is a fundamental concept in Confucian Philosophy referring to the virtue of respect, obedience, and care that a child is expected to show to their parents, elders, and ancestors.

Anthropocentrism is the principle that upholds humans as the most valuable creature in the universe. Humans are seen as central and the utmost important within this concept. The implementation of this concept within Abrahamic religions (e.g. Islam, Christianity, Judaism) looks like humans being created based on the image of the respective dieties, and being the delegated authority of God within these religions.

In recent years, the Indonesian government has been prioritizing the allocation of state-funded scholarships to STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) majors. These scholarships range from undergraduate scholarships to local universities, student exchange opportunities to foreign universities with strong STEM programs, or funding for postgraduate studies in foreign universities.

"In the magical world of Oz, Glinda & Elphaba started their tales as two enemies with strikingly different personalities who met at Shiz University, with Glinda’s love for attention & glamour and Elphaba’s fate of being outcasted due to her green skin, along natural talent for magic which Glinda wishes to have. Along the way, Glinda discovered that Elphaba, through her recommendations to the university representatives, has opened a door to prestigious chances to get her wishes for magic to be granted. Upon sensing Elphaba’s kindness while witnessing her distress as a result of discrimination, Glinda developed deep empathy and softness for Elphaba and has made her a best friend, with many special adventures made during this time. It is thanks to Elphaba that Glinda was able to get her recognition, one step closer to achieving her lifetime dream of having magic. Overtime, they developed a mutual bond which changed both Elphaba’s and Glinda’s personalities for the better.

Some time after graduating, Elphaba and Glinda, as witches, has their fate seperated in the world of Oz due to differences beyond control. With Elphaba’s villainization from the citizens of Oz as a result of an attempt to expose The Wizard, the ruler of Oz, of power fraud and injustice while in University, Glinda has found herself in the path of being a public figure and a political tool who has to entirely fake her powers and be the ideation of a Good Witch, contrasting to Elphaba’s image of Wickedness and Evil. In this process, Elphaba has faced constant framing while Glinda receives constant political pressure to force a smile and fake her positivity. As a result, Glinda and Elphaba have both suffered a lot due to these structurally imposed dynamics.

While they both attempt to figure out the way out of their situations, their tale ends unfortunately with Glinda witnessing Elphaba’s death, which was staged by Elphaba ultimately due to her sacrifice for resistance and intent of living a better life outside of Oz. As Glinda battles with grief and immense pain as she is mourning her best friend who is so meaningful to her, she attempts to pick up the idea of being good once again and tries to embody it through her actions to redeem her best friend’s legacy."

Over the past few elections, the Democratic Party in the USA has consistently campaigned using identity politics in a push to cater to minority groups and marginalized individuals. This looks like specifically highlighting Women & Gender Minorities and people of colour in their campaigns and policy promises, as well as highlighting and empowering politicians from minority backgrounds (e.g. Kamala Harris, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez).

The story of World War II is told very differently in Germany and Japan. In Germany, there is a strong emphasis on the nation's mistakes, including the rise of the Nazi Party and the atrocities committed during the Third Reich. In Japan, the narrative of World War II emphasizes the suffering endured by the nation and its people, rather than the acts committed against other nations, with a specific focus on Japanese recovery efforts after the war.

Germany's post-WWII education system emphasizes a critical approach to the nation's past, in contrast to the Japanese emphasis on peace and reconstruction following the conflict.

The Gaza Peace Plan (administratively addressed as the Comprehensive Plan to End the Gaza Conflict) is a comprehensive 20-point plan intended to end the genocidal conflict in the Gaza Strip. Currently, the plan has entered Phase Two which aims to create a transitional technocratic government and a demilitarization effort for Palestine.

Trump’s Board of Peace is established to supervise the implementation and transition towards the technocratic Palestinian government, with the U.S., Israel, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and others as participating countries. Indonesia is also listed as one of the countries within the board.

For the purposes of this debate, Pinkwashing refers to the strategy of deliberately marketing a product/service with nuances that support feminist/LGBTQ+ messaging, to make the product more appealing to those specific demographics, even if the product has nothing to specifically relate to them (e.g. clothing, food/drink products, vitamins/supplements)

For the purposes of this debate, "Americanization" in sports refers to the adoption of uniquely American sports habits and cultures into the sporting events and games even outside of the USA. Examples of Americanization include a distinct focus on entertainment (e.g. halftime shows in matches), emphasis on individual star players (e.g. all-star teams/matches), and an increased commercialization (e.g. commercial breaks during games, increased media responsibility for athletes and coaches)

Micro-enterprise development refers to programs that can help individuals and/or groups start and grow small and micro-businesses. These programs include but are not limited to training of skills and provision of necessary tools and equipment

A super-app can be defined as an application (typically mobile) that provides multiple services in an integrated manner. Examples of super-apps are Grab in Southeast Asia, Gojek & Shopee in Indonesia, or WeChat in China.